*Competitive Shooter of the Week* In the hands of irregular forces in Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan, to name a few. The Finns had captured Russian ordinances and huge ammo dumps with a lot of these firearms. [17] Designated "U.S. Rifle, 7.62mm, Model of 1916", these are among the rarest of American service arms. Since the ammunition is exceptionally cheap, it can be used for plinking and practice. The long barrel is apt for accuracy and the gun is quite fun to shoot. One Of the Most Accurate and Widely Used Mosin Nagant Model, Stamped Receiver With Serial Numbers and Manufacturing Date (1943), Operating Safety Knob Can Be Difficult At Times. A large number of Obrez guns were manufactured in Russia (some in the US as well). [14], The Russo-Japanese War (19041905) was the rifle's first major conflict. The major upgrade was the barrel of these rifles. Russian casualties in that conflict demanded a new rifle. Early production 91/30s (from 1930 to 1936) and converted Dragoon rifles retained the octagonal receiver. If she was the aggressor against a modern equipped nation, then she became an unwieldy mass that often could not get out of its own way. Something that should be pointed at are the production factories. It also makes the rifle easy to carry and offers stability while shooting. On the bottom - M. Geltz factory logo, Podolsk mechanical factory marking (two styles) and parts with these markings. If it feels like the bolt or trigger seizes up or runs into any rough spots, that rifle likely wont be a good shooter due to poor tolerances or excessive wear. Bulgaria cut down 91/30s into M38 like carbines (M91/59) in 1959. Brian is an experienced freelance writer and technical writer who has previously written for publications such as Wide Open Spaces, Bigfoot Gun Belts, Alien Gear Holsters, and Kampgrounds of America. They adopted it as the basis of their own rifles (M91, M27, M28, M28/30, and the more commonly found M39). Uncomplicated interchangeability was already a key concept of the communist regime. Both with the rifle and its domestic scope. Mosin Nagant 91/30 rifles were well-marked by the armories that cranked them out by the millions. When the German Army threw up a dedicated defense, it threw back the Russians. Today those US-marked rifles fetch high prices from collectors. Youd need specialized training and tools to disassemble it. concurrently with Dragoons from 1927 to 1929, Izhevsk made M91/30 PU snipers in 1947 and a handful of 1946 Manufactured from 1927-40, the M27 was the first fully-functional customized model of the M91 used by the Finnish Army. Also, details about markings used by main factories are described in. Simultaneous to the rifle development, the Russians pioneered a small-bore, smokeless cartridge, The world considered Tzarist Russia one of the Great Powers largely due to its size rather than its modernity. That decision was made in 1891, two years after initial trials, and the production of the new Mosin-Nagant M1891 rifles began in the following year at Tula Arsenal, Izhevsk Arsenal, and Sestroryetsk Arsenal in Russia. The receiver bears a mark from its manufacturer Tikkakoski. Karl-Heinz Wrobel, author of Drei Linien, Die Gewehre Mosin-Nagant; The Mosin-Nagant Rifle The 1880s saw global advances in the development of martial arms. Please include the year, manufacturer, serial number, and whatever Spanish features your rifle has. of variations of the round receiver on M91/30s, M38s, and M44s, Not certain as there are few examples known, Very few examples are known, all dated 1961, Date is two digits following "P-" on the barrel The Finnish cartridge 7.6253mmR is a slightly modified variation of the Russian 7.6254mmR, and is considered interchangeable with 54R. In addition, scopes tended to reflect sunlight when moved side to side, which gave away a sniper's position.[21]. In essence, the M44 is an M38 with a slightly modified forearm and with a permanently mounted cruciform bayonet that folds to the right when it is not needed. The new Russian rifle, adopted in 1891 and later known as the Mosin-Nagant Model 91, became the standard for the Tsar's army. During the Winter War of 1939-40 when Finland declared independence from Russia and pushed the Soviet armies out of their borders, the Finnish army had no infrastructure and weapons. It is in a ready-to-fire state and doesnt require much maintenance. American and British expeditionary forces of the North Russia Campaign were armed with these rifles and sent to Murmansk and Arkhangelsk in the late summer of 1918 to prevent the large quantities of munitions delivered for Czarist forces from being captured by the Central Powers. They remain active service in the Middle East and the Orient. Designed to replace the M38 version of the Mosin Nagant, the M44 officially came out in 1944. This long-serving rifle has earned its place in the history books and in the collectors case. The table below covers only production at two main factories, but there were other factories, that issued complete rifles and parts for them. After the Estonian War of Independence, Estonia had around 120,000 M/1891s in stock, later the Kaitseliit, the Estonian national guard, received some Finnish M28/30 rifles, a few modernised variants were also made by the Estonian Armory; Most Finnish Rifles were assembled by SAKO, Tikkakoski Oy, or VKT (Valtion Kivritehdas, State Rifle Factory, after the wars part of Valtion Metallitehtaat (Valmet), State Metalworks). With Remington and Westinghouse on the precipice of bankruptcy from the Communists' decision, the remaining 280,000 rifles were purchased by the United States Army. The M38 is 40 inches long. The commission initially voted 14 to 10 to approve Mosin's rifle. They saw action in hot spots like the Spanish Civil War. the worlds landmass encompassing dozens of cultures. Due to the large surplus created by the Soviet small arms industry during World War II and the tendency of the former Soviet Union to retain and store large quantities of old but well-preserved surplus (long after other nations' militaries divested themselves of similar vintage materials), these rifles (mostly M1891/30 rifles and M1944 carbines) are inexpensive compared to other surplus arms of the same era. The Finnish army began using the guns left behind by their Russian occupiers as their primary combat rifle after the Winter War of 1939-40. It is a holy grail for lever gun and military enthusiasts. In 1924, following the victory of the Red Army, a committee was established to modernize the rifle, which had by then been in service for over three decades. Simultaneous to the rifle development, the Russians pioneered a small-bore, smokeless cartridge, the 7.62x54R (R for Rimmed, not Russian). Regardless of the conversion, a qualified gunsmith should examine the rifle before firing, and owners should use caution before firing commercial ammunition. The sight measurements were converted from arshins to meters; and the front sight blade was replaced by a hooded post front sight less susceptible to being knocked out of alignment. For example, pre 1940 and post 1941 "Tula's" were made by completely different factories. Additionally, Russia ordered a strange hybrid from Winchester in the form of the 1895 Musket. You may not make a lot of friends posting your hack-sawn Mosin online. Make sure to work the action and the trigger a few times on any Mosin Nagant you are considering purchasing if the seller allows it. Youve probably heard about the differences between magazines and clips,. Several versions of the rifle were introduced during the war, including the PU sniper version with a fixed 3.5-power scope, the "round" receiver version . This led the Mosin to become one of the most mass-produced rifles in history. Albeit, with a few modifications borrowed from Nagants design. Plus, the rifle comes complete with a sling and cleaning rod. The wartime Mosins are easily identified by the presence of tool marks and rough finishing that never would have passed the inspectors in peacetime. Additionally, the bore has been reblued and the rifle has been refurbished which offers a good value for money. Fair enough. When direct German imports dried up, The key to success for the sniper variant was its simplicity and characteristic Russian ruggedness. The Finnish Mosin Nagant Rifle-Carbine Production Information. It is just important to keep in mind that none of the barrels you look at will be pristine. It has an original receiver and has been upgraded to meet modern standards of a good sniper rifle. Yeah it does not make sence it shows just under a million 41 Tula's and that Izhevsk actually made just shy of 900,000.. Those numbers make no sence because we all know how hard it is to find a 41 Tula. This encouraged them to use the captured ordnance stocks as their primary military combat rifle. The rifle itself became a symbol of unification during the battles of, relic still holds both historical charm and ballistic ya-yas. At the start of the 20th century, it was experimenting with modernization while trying to maintain a feudalist society. The M91/30 is probably the oldest line of Mosin Nagant rifles easily available for sale today. An "02" stamp on every component of the rifle, identifying it as manufactured in Hungary. Through it all, the Russian industry remained ill-prepared to keep up with the demands of modern war. [citation needed]. Installation of slot-type sling mounts to replace the more traditional swivels. Coming from a country that prized itself on keeping things simple, yet dependable for over a century. It belongs to the Podolsk Mechanical factory, which tried to start M91/30 production in the early 1930's. Those problems were solved by Russian scientists and engineers (the smokeless powder, for instance, was produced by Dmitri Mendeleev himself). The main disadvantages of Mosin's rifle were a more complicated mechanism and a long and tiresome procedure of disassembling (which required special instrumentsit was necessary to unscrew two fasteners). This left social and economic contradictions that the central government only treated with centuries-old autocracy: trading space for time. Significantly, the front sight of the M38 was positioned in such a way that the Model 91/30's cruciform bayonet could not be mounted to the muzzle even if a soldier obtained one. In addition, the rifle was distributed as aid to Republican anti-Franco forces in the Spanish Civil War. For detailed information on the production years [22] When war with Germany broke out, the need to produce MosinNagants in vast quantities led to a further simplification of machining and a falling-off in finish of the rifles. The rifle has matching serial numbers which are a testament to its authenticity. The information below covers only M91/30, M38 andM44 production since 1931, when M91/30 production started (in May of that year). The M91/59 is probably the most accurate rifles of the Mosin lineage. Their use in Afghanistan continued on well into the 1990s and the early 21st century by Northern Alliance forces. The rifle was 48 inches in length a bit shorter and lighter than the original model 1891. Sergei Mosin. Go with a hex rifle if at all possible. The most modern version of the Mosin is the 7.62 Tkiv 85 Sniper rifle. This is not a guide to marks. It has six "sides" but is neither hexagonal nor octagonal in normal use of those terms). What is impressive about the Mosin-Nagant, however, is its production numbers and its worldwide ubiquity. There were for the Cossack horsemen of the Russian Army. Nevertheless, the M1891 rifles continued to be employed all over the Eastern Bloc. [48] Also, the MosinNagant action has been used to produce a limited number of commercial rifles, the most famous are the Vostok brand target rifles exported in Europe in the 1960s and 1970s chambered in the standard 7.6254mmR round and in 6.554mmR, a necked-down version of the original cartridge designed for long range target shooting. The extra sling saves you some money and hassle of searching for an apt sling. Like many of the new smokeless rounds, it loaded a rounded, hunter or jaeger bullet. This number dropped in the year 1899 to 600 rifles per day. The most famous wartime Mosin is, of course, the 91/30 sniper. The rifle was used in the short civil war there and adopted as the service rifle of the new republic's army. The rifle was originally made with a hex receiver. The bayonet was the only actual upgrade to the M38 that distinguishes the M44 model. Daniel Squ, Brass-cased ammo generally outpaces steel in every, *Competitive Shooter of the Week* Additionally, the Finns are well known for their more robust, tongue and groove stocks with a semi-pistol grip. Further, the US is always no further than one administration away from stopping any new imports of surplus rifles even of US origin. The M38 version was adopted in 1938 by the Russian army. Also, w. atching regional conflicts to observe how new equipment and old tactics fared in the field. The M38s used recycled receivers, both hex and round. At least three versions were introduced. Nevertheless, when it came time to answer a public challenge to her commitment to pan Slavism, pride and arrogance took the place of pragmatic reasoning. Youll know a really bad barrel when you see one. Front Page for the Russian Mosin Nagant Forum website. The numbers on the rear sight have been abraded-off to reflect its reduced carbine range. The result was pockets of industry and modern conveniences in vast stretches of seemingly medieval culture. Not because of this rifle, however. Michael Lutes is the managing editor and owner at Gun Mann. Militaries started to phase out bolt action service from active service during and after World War II. The Finns continue to use an M28/76 for formal competitions. Included in many popular movies and video games, the Mosin Nagant rifle is a Russian military rifle that saw very widespread use during World War I and World War II. The rifle was 48 inches long and featured a flat rear sight, a front globe sight and a split barrel band. - ISBN 5-02-016406-2, Manufacture Nationale d'Armes de Chtellerault, SIG (Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft), People's Movement for the Liberation of Azawad, "The Rifles of the Eight Nation Alliance", "Men And Guns Of The 1900 China Relief Expedition", "A Brief Overview of the Mosin Nagant Rifle", "Simo Hyh, "White Death", Sniped Over 542 Soviet Soldiers In WWII", "Conscripts sent to fight by pro-Russia Donbas get little training, old rifles, poor supplies", "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, March 21", "The Finnish Civil Guards rifle-model of 1924", "The Finnish Issue of the Mosin Nagant Model 91/30 (1891/1930) Rifle", "The Finnish Mosin Nagant Model 28/76 Marksmanship Rifle", "How to Install a Scope on a 1891/30 Mosin Nagant by Removing Rear Sight for 52 Dollars", "Mosin Nagant 91/30 Scope Mount Picatinny Weaver Rail", "Howling Raven Mosin Nagant Muzzle Brake Review", "The Chinese Type 53 Mosin Nagant Carbine", "Dangerous Supply: Small Arms and Conflict in the Republic of Georgia", "The Albanian Sniper Squad in Syria and their Weapons", "Surveying the Battlefield: Illicit Arms In Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia", "The Estonian Use Of The Mosin Nagant Line Of Rifles/Carbines", "Ethiopian military rifle cartridges: Part 2: from Mauser to Kalashnikov", "The military rifle cartridges of Guatemala", "The military rifle cartridges of Honduras from Cortez to zelaya. The M44 is mostly used as a hunting weapon because of its sheer power, accuracy, and relatively cheap ammunition. The original version of the gun is the M91 or M1891. This gun was one of the most mass-produced guns in historyalmost 38 million manufactured since its creation in 1891. What in the world is a stripper clip? The 5-round fixed metallic magazine can either be loaded by inserting the cartridges individually, or more often in military service, by the use of 5-round stripper clips. The Russians knew the greatness of the Mosin in battle. There were also minor modifications to the bolt, but not enough to prevent interchangeability with the earlier Model 1891 and the so-called "Cossack dragoon" rifles. The Treaty of Brest Litovsk liberated her along with many other territories in 1917. Dual frontal locking lugs like the Mauser. The rifles had small details to distinguish them. These changes didnt affect the performance and reliability of the weapons in the field. In 1889, three rifles were submitted for evaluation: Captain Sergei Ivanovich Mosin of the imperial army submitted his "3-line" caliber (.30 cal, 7.62 mm) rifle; Belgian designer Lon Nagant submitted a "3.5-line" (.35 caliber, 9mm) design; and a Captain Zinoviev submitted another "3-line" design (1 "line" = .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}110in or 2.54mm, thus 3 lines = 7.62mm). Three Russian arsenals were contracted for production at Tula from 1891 to 1926, Izhevsk from 1891 to 1926, and Sestroryetsk from 1892 to 1918. If you dont have one in your gun safe yet, you should strongly consider it. From autocratic rule to farm tractors, Russians prove time and again that if it isnt broke, it doesnt need fixing.. "[12] The new weapons would entail high velocities, exceeding 600 meters per second (2,000ft/s) and would result in land battles both commencing and being capable of being fought at longer ranges, nearly two kilometers. The barrel length was shortened by 7cm (2.8in). Like the Mauser, the bolt lift arc on the MosinNagant is 90 degrees, versus 60 degrees on the LeeEnfield. Additionally, the powerful .311 round is also ideal for hunting big and small game. Originally, they were built with half-octagonal receivers known for some reason as hex receivers. Only since 1924 the rifle was officially named "Mosin's rifle" in the USSR, although some variants were still known only by their year of origin.[11]. Of the contenders who made it to the last round of tests in 1889, the two most pertinent were Captain Sergei Ivanovich Mosin of the Imperial Russian Army and a Belgian designer named Leon Nagant. Finland and Poland successfully resisted being pulled back into the Russian sphere (USSR) in the 1920s and 1930s. Its something that, What in the world is a stripper clip? This is also a good time to mention that no Mosin Nagant is going to be a tack driver. In the past when invaders stormed Russia, this worked well to her advantage (and did again in 1941-1945). However, you must consider using high quality ammunition for better precision. Due to the desperate shortage of arms and the shortcomings of a still-developing domestic industry, the Russian government ordered 1.5 million M1891 infantry rifles from Remington Arms and another 1.8 million from New England Westinghouse Company in the United States in 1915. So far, Podolsk markings have been observed on bolts (all parts), bayonet buttons, magazines, sears, rear and front sights (and sight springs). The Cossack rifle was identical to the Dragoon, but did not have provision for use with a bayonet. They needed weapons to give them the upper hand on the battlefield. . Meant to be employed in a first blooding during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. The M38 is a wonderfully reliable and easy-handling rifle. With the possible exception of the Crimean War, there had been no major long war since the Age of Napoleon. These words describe Russian weather and Russian weapons. For Russians who wanted a concealed weapon with the power of a 7.62, an Obrez was the first choice. Several companies also make scope mounts for pistol scopes that can be mounted to the rear sight of the Model 91/30 without drilling or tapping. Intended to be used by the rear echelon of troops, the rifle was not designed to accept a bayonet. Known officially as the 3-line rifle M1891[citation needed] and informally in Russia and the former Soviet Union as Mosin's rifle (Russian: , ISO 9: vintovka Mosina), it is primarily found chambered for its original 7.6254mmR cartridge. With the start of World War I, production was restricted to the M1891 dragoon and infantry models for the sake of simplicity. Folding Rear Sight and Hooded Front Sight, Over 60 Years Old But in Fairly Good Condition, Smooth Wood Stock With Sling Mounting Points, 20-Inch Barrel For Good Maneuverability and Accuracy, Lighter Than the 91/30 But Still Weighs 8.7lbs. Not to mention the fliers anyway. Her industry had not yet caught up to the other major powers competing in the first modern arms race. The rifle packs the power of the Mosin Nagant into a more compact package compared to other variants. At this point the decision was made to rename the existing commission and call it Commission for creation of the small-bore rifle ( ), and to put on paper the final requirements for such a rifle. Due to its exceptional accuracy, the rifle can be used to hunt big game from quite a distance. Mosin Nagant Ammo: 7.62x54R The rimmed 7.62x54r is a cartridge that was developed in 1891 in Russia and is still in use today. New weapons focused upon smaller diameter projectiles and smokeless powder to achieve greater velocities. One of the Most Collectible Versions of the Mosin Nagant Series. But such uses are very rare and can only occur in a hasty situation. It has an effective range of approximately 800+ meters (with sights). In 1938, the Russians introduced a carbine variant. The Mosin Nagant has weathered everything history has thrown at it and served reliably. In 1939 this factory produced at least 1,000 barrels, possibly one day a rifle with such a barrel will be found. Some can remember Russian and Norinco SKS rifles selling for $75 in the early 1990s. No matter whats wrong with it, if it still works, it aint broke! Proof of these adages is offered up in the trusty 1891 Mosin Nagant Rifle. One more detail is the form of the interrupter, a specially designed part within the receiver, which helps prevent, Inclusion of a reinforcing bolt through the finger groove (due to the adoption of a 147-grain pointed '. This gun is over 90 years old, and still shoots quite accurately. Henceforth, the new Bolshevik government of Vladimir Lenin cancelled payments to the American companies manufacturing the MosinNagant (Russia had not paid for the order at any time throughout the Great War). However, the older version of the Finnish military cartridge was loaded with the S-type bullet that had nominal diameter of .308. Dont expect it to be silky smooth or have a light trigger pull. Some earlier sources stated that the beginning of M91/30 production was 1930, but this information is not correct. The m/28-30 enjoyed seven years of production and saw over 24,420 rifles produced according . Finnish rifles are characterized by Russian, French or American-made receivers stamped with a boxed SA, as well as many other parts produced in those countries and barrels produced in Finland, Switzerland, Austria, Belgium and Germany. However, the Mosin's lugs lock in the horizontal position, whereas the Mauser locks vertically. By the end of the war, approximately 19.8 million MosinNagant rifles had been produced. The hex receivers were replaced by round ones in 1935-36. For other uses, see, MosinNagant M1891 Dragoon from the collections at the, Civil War, modernization, and wars with Finland, , there are parts in this newly created design, invented by Colonel Rogovtzev, by Lt.-General Chagin's Commission, Captain Mosin and small-arms manufacturer Nagant, therefore it is only fair to call it the, 1891/30- , , " " 1430 25.11.2003 [Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine "On the organization of civil service activities of the State Protection Service at the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine" No. [54], Other companies are experimenting with detachable, and semi-permanent magazine extensions which would increase the magazine capability from five rounds to ten rounds. Such was the case in the Russo-Ottoman War 1877-78. Soon, other countries took notice as well. [citation needed]. The Mosin fell at a great price point for them. However, it did not have provisions for a bayonet. ? At the beginning of the war, the MosinNagant 91/30 was the standard issue weapon of Soviet troops. In use, it feels more like 2-3 lbs. Nagant's rifle was mainly criticized for its lower quality of manufacture and materials, due to "artisan pre-production" of his 300 rifles. With over 37 million Mosin Nagant rifles and M44 carbines manufactured in Russia alone, it's no wonder vast quantities of surplus found their way to America, where a Mosin crate became a common sight at gun stores. It is more commonly associated with the Soviet PE, PEM and PU scopes after 1942. The rifle measures 40 inches in length and features a side-folding bayonet with a groove for it in the right side of the stock. [10] Remington produced 750,000 rifles before production was halted by the 1917 October Revolution. The features loved by most buyers is its accuracy, cheap ammunition, aesthetics, price, and its contribution to history. In spite of its age, it has been used in various conflicts around the world up to the present day. One such markingis a "" letter in a semi-oval. Suffice it to say, the marks tell exactly where each component of a Nagant was crafted. After facing a humiliating defeat at the hands of the Turks in the Russo-Ottoman War, the Russians began looking for a modern, semi-auto and durable alternative for their single-shot Berdan Rifles. The M/28-57 was a biathlon 7.62x54mm version. The Mosin Nagant rifle has proven to be a reliable and well-built option for military and civilian use. The Model 24 or the Model 1891/24 was the first large-scale upgrade of the Mosin Nagant by the Finns, for the Civil Guard. Notably, Russia has issued the rifle to conscripts from both occupied regions of the Donbas, and to conscripted Russian civilians as part of Vladimir Putin's wider general mobilization during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Production began in 1939. Some lucky collectors can find markingsthat are different from Soviet and Imperial Tula and Izhevsk (and Sestroretsk) markings, which do not belong to foreign M91 and M91/30 and carbinemanufacturers.
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