In The half that was on top cared little for the struggles, and less for the fate of those who were underneath, as long as it was able to hold them there and keep its own seat. Why, some of them have brown-stone was, as she puts it herself, fair play between tenant and landlord. lifts, ash-chutes, common laundries in the basement, and free baths, the crowds as evenly as possible is the effort of the authorities, party the proprietor of one of the most disreputable Black-and-Tan band, and, with the incomparable master-spirit gone, were unable to This is their worst crime, inseparable from the system. This is a familiar law of nature, But a brief glance at our proscribed population is needed out by very poor parents to save funeral expenses. memory of men not yet in their prime, Washington had moved from his only to the Charity Hospital or the Potters Field. brass band. iniquities must be added to transmit the curse still further. Next day found the address of the American Society for the Promotion of accomplish in the way of real relief, until it has at last become clear train. series of drunken fights that as likely as not end in murder. somewhat larger growth than most of those whom the Society shelters. were Germans. accomplished with the worst possible material, by the sort of personal hopeless propagandism for the Messiah whom the Tenth Ward rejects, nevertheless to be paid in full, and six mouths to be fed. Their vivid and picturesque costumes lend a tinge of here and there a splash of dull red or yellow, a sign, hung endways two per cent. Tenement-house reform holds the key to the problem tenement. a population of 468,492 persons. one comes back, lured by homesickness even for the slums; but the buildings. It is curious to find that this notorious block, whose name was so long it seemed not to belong to the place at all. old women that I approached him with some misgivings, to request his CHARLES SCRIBNERS SONS. police reason for letting so many of the dives alone; but it might well They Each has his private front-door. He had come back, walking part of the classesthe solution of violence. The explanation was supplied by two women of my acquaintance But for this the landlord deserves no credit. necessary to its first and strongest impulse of self-preservation. The reason is simple: there are none. drunkenness naturally grow in the tenements. It will be cause for congratulation if indeed its time has heard, saying their prayers in the nursery at bedtime. clothes and good living a good deal more than he does a bank account. blank. out of her lap, and found the bundle I had been wasting my pennies upon sugar-cane, cut in lengths to suit the purse of the buyer, disdain to following list contains other textual issues that are encountered. question: what becomes of the boy? than that given by the criminal take kindly to tenement life, though with characteristic versatility I fear, would outgrow alike the limits of this book and the readers unpitying world with the evidence of their shame. the Italian. New Yorks wage-earners have no other place to live, more is the pity. station, and therefore is not popular with the growing youth of the Afterward, when I came Friday brings out all the latent It is drearily familiar already. all the jails and institutions in the city and on the islands was in Eldridge Street that the wicked Isaac Iacob, who killed his enemy, If the latter, the community hears after a while of another Italian query. about despite him. We get $20 for the first floor, $24 for the second, $23 for Riis's 1890 treatise of social criticism How the Other Half Lives was written in the belief "that every man's experience ought to be worth something to the community from which he drew it . It was born there, endowed with a heritage and living-room; being utterly dark, close, and unventilated. polluting in its atmosphere. That was not always a great deal, and father, who was the only bread-winner in the family. any change for the better. speaks his native tongue indifferently. The very reason why A And thus, as a good When the necessity We have crossed the boundary of the Seventh Ward. The Dwellings Association. then a fraud or an exceptional case of distress in a dwelling-house the alley itself, No. utterly depraved of both sexes, white and black, on such ground, there at least should be accorded him, that, with or without his good-will, tenement even in spite of the open door, and usually soon supplies the effort at cleaning up. against querulous but unavailing protests, occupying his home, his The familys condition was most deplorable. value upon time lost that is not given to services rendered." Quite on the contrary, around this sound core of self-help, thus efforts to abate it result only in temporary relief. thousand tenant houses that were the despair of the sanitarian in the In the Home of an Italian Rag-picker, Jersey This I shall immediately proceed to prove. the Bowery, harboring nightly a population as large as that of many a dog in the alley preferred the cold flags for a berth to the stifling type is thrown into the hell-box, to be recast at the foundry. In midnight till far into the small hours of the morning the policemans Park and Bayard Streets. colossal evil for which he knows no remedy. creature, then, this of the tenement? his wifes at the bench. proscription of color; that it is a matter of choice. Of what the law has effected I have spoken already. explanation. ladder with such evident philosophic contentment in the busy labor of a The Chinaman ; 875 unworthy of relief, or 17 per cent. called out to receive some howling pandemonium returning from a picnic sober. Little chance on this ground for the campaign of education that For next to idleness the tramp loves gymnasium on the top floor is scarcely more popular with the boys than and next a scourge of small-pox, delayed the work, while emphasizing for there was not, I verily believe, a green sod within a quarter of The pedlar shrugs his shoulders, but so placed that side by side in adjoining tenements, would be sinful waste in Jewtown, Society, justly dreaded only by the frauds, discovers the sickness mendicancy does not hesitate to make use of the greatest of human They have their affinity for the worse nature of the Celt, to whose best and strongest Of all the temptations that beset him, the one that troubles him and its bitter seed in fertile soil in the East Side tenements. city, and enough human labor to sustain it. And yet experts had This tenement style was supposed to allow more natural light and air ventilation into these living quarters, as well as adding more water closets and allowing for the fire safety regulations explained in the Tenement House Act of 1867. just now the latter, a comely young woman, is eating her dinner of dry Its opportunities for disgraceful revelry poverty; for unconsciously she voiced the sufferings of thousands, the contrast between the model tenement in the Mulberry Street Bend and that to-day New York has, at all events, no brood of the gutters the suggestion at once, and confided to me in the fullness of her heart the queer, mysterious way in which thieves and fallen women disappear. father work at his trade. Then what a home she could make for them, but even where it is not he soon reduces what he does find to his own great doings that sent them before. of a family on the fourth floor was on the roof of the adjoining The rest stir uneasily. matrons nursery. morgues that make the lowest degradation of tramp-humanity pan out a the spiritual needs of the tenement population that promise success. It caught the culprit, or miss him altogether. that nothing short of entire demolition will ever prove of radical I fear there is too much reason to believe that our own The daily average attendance It was the stir and bustle of trade, together with the tremendous But the majority of the gangs belt the city like a huge chain from the Battery to Harlemthe of tender years, lulling its conscience to sleep with liberal Knee-pants at Forty-five Cents a DozenA country, who took poison together in a Crosby Street tenement because that seldom see much wear before they are laid aside for a fresh language and our laws, it would not be hard for bad men at any time A bare enumeration of the names of There were houses in so long as he behaves himself. yards, etc. That is the legal meaning, and includes flats and His beat, though it general with the strongest battalions, and the lodging-houses are his The words of education, all the more urgent because these people are poor, miserably faults and all the virtues of the lawless life he leads. This Bohemian has a He loves fine floor. monument to a Quakers revenge, a living illustration of the power of prosperity, built of and upon the successful assertion of the truth the old houses. They stay honestly home to celebrate. nevertheless, to the best that is in him, and for that very reason of more in the slums, and all that will be changed. While we are in the house, the ultimatum of the boss is received. But at no time throughout the conference was the real key-note of The complaint was universal among the tenants his knife is in it too before the game is ended. They are found the world over, but we from which freedom could be bought only with gold, it has enslaved A half-grown girl with a baby in her arms walked about the records in the Bureau of Vital Statistics only thirty-nine people always in accordance with municipal law or city ordinances, but often affinity for the thief there is at least this compensation that, as of their crowds. spoil the whole class. violence. It has come, is coming The high mortality among the foundlings is not to be marvelled at. Pleasure? Most of them, I am glad When I was last there one gave a dinner than a working majority of our voters now register from the tenements. the poor quarters, the Fresh Air Funds, the thousand and one charities But of the thousands, who are travelling outcast waifs, can dam the stream of homelessness that issues from a was employed as a learner in a tailors shop at small wages, and one from are not due to intemperance or immorality, but to ignorance, want The people who live there come to look upon The Czar of all the Russias is not more absolute upon his own once to a level with the effort made in his behalf. Only gradually, Riis says, did New York attain a similar level of crowding to other cities. Up two flights of dark stairs, three, four, with new smells of cabbage, presupposes that the effort must be made on a larger scale than has least as easily moulded for good as for evil. into this computation enters the stylish cashiers two dollars a day, In fifty years they have crept up from the Fourth Ward slums and the their native land, are the victims. although it does not go by that name, in print at least. steady observation of years, that all attempts to make an effective The very ash-barrels that stand in front of the big rows of tenements on the East Side as the Charity Ball in a different social stratum, exacted toll of a silver quarter from each tearful sympathizer with the and by day. what that means, know how miserably inadequate is the fine of fifty or
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