missouri death row

Lawyers for Amber McLaughlin, now 49, on Monday asked Republican Gov. Twillman was shot when Lyles & William E. Tolbert attempted to steal the farmers truck. Baumruk, Kenneth4/13/396/18/01St. The first openly transgender woman set to be executed in the U.S. is asking Missouris governor for mercy. Boliek, William4/15/5612/12/84Camden An investigator told him, Youre a person of interest in a quadruple homicide in Jennings. In total, 40 inmates were put to death in the gas chamber between 1937 and 1989 when MSP death row ended and all capital punishment inmates were moved to the new prison at Potosi. Noted Details: Llyod L. Anderson was the last execution in Missouri by means of lethal gas. Governor Parson will examine Taylors application and announce his decision when this review is complete, as has been practice in other capital cases.. This basically tore two families apart. Crime: Raped and killed a female in Wellston (St. Louis County), Missouri in January of 1944 after holding her at knifepoint. m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) The Supreme Court of Missouri last week finalized the execution date for a 45-year-old man sentenced to death for sexually assaulting and murdering a 6-year-old girl in 2002 by bashing her head in with a brick.. Newsweek previously reached out to Gipson for comment. From 1976-1988 none were executed, and from 1989-2021 91 persons were executed. Death-row inmate from Independence who killed 2 women dies of COVID-19 All of them had been murdered and they was shot execution style.. Mike Parson for clemency, asking him to commute her death sentence. Missouri Supreme Court last week denied a motion to stay Taylor's execution and his attorneys filed another petition, which was also denied. She tried to kill herself multiple times, both as a child and as an adult. But when it came to a sentence, the jury was deadlocked. Its been 301 months since we buried Kelli. He is scheduled to die from lethal injections on Feb. 7. He was the third inmate executed in the last four months in Missouri. Taylor issued a final written statement before his death. The State of Missouri's male death row was located at the Missouri State Penitentiary until April 1989. Crime: Mercer was convicted for the rape and murder of 22-year old Karen Keeton in Belton, Missouri. If my father is ever executed, it will be a tremendous blow to me, she said. Missouri man executed after death sentence is overturned three times Parson spokeswoman Kelli Jones said the Governor's Office is reviewing her request for mercy. He has yet to meet a death row inmate he's deemed worthy of mercy. Crime: Was convicted for the 1941 slaying of St. Louis county farmer Martin Twillman. A federal judge in 2016 vacated McLaughlins death sentence due to ineffective counsel, court records show, citing her trial attorneys failure to present that expert testimony. Crime: Boyd shot and killed Sam Barenfeld during an armed robbery on January 13, 1951. Johnson, Johnny3/16/703/7/05St. Ernest Johnson: Missouri executes man after US Supreme Court - CNN Mike Parson to spare her, on Monday, Dec. 12, 2022. Last Meal: Declined a special meal stating, the regular food here is good enough for me.. In total, 40 inmates were put to death in the gas chamber between 1937 and 1989 when MSP death row ended and all capital punishment inmates were moved to the new prison at Potosi. Her victim, 23-year-old Bobbie Jo Stinnett, bled to death but her baby was safely . I couldnt answer that.. That ruling, however, was later overturned by the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals. Carmen Deck died by injection in May for killing James and Zelma Long during a robbery at their home in De Soto, Missouri, in 1996. Current Inmates | Missouri Death Row Bucklew, Russell5/16/685/15/97Boone (Cape Girardeau) Now Im transporting dope cross country and I was pretty good at it.. Bobby was the son of Robert C. and Virginia Greenlease. Crime: Heady & Carl Austin Hall kidnapped a young boy named Bobby Greenlease. She was murdered on August 4th, 1955. McLaughlin, Scott1/13/7311/3/06St. Rousan, William7/17/5612/20/96St. In early November 2004, a friend of Taylors said hed found their address in California. Mia Perry said she was sitting near her daughter during the phone conversation with Rowe. Cole County District Judge Sam E. Blair, who gave him the death sentence, was a witness to his execution. She was beaten and burned to death on December 12th, 1943. Amber McLaughlin was executed on Tuesday in Missouri for a 2003 murder. During that time, he earned a paralegal certificate. Crime: Perkins was convicted in Jackson County, Missouri of the brutal rape of 13-year-old Gladys Jeffries as she was going home from a movie on June 2nd, 1945. He was asked what he knew and said he wanted his lawyer. Anderson, Terrance11/19/7512/29/2008Cape Girardeau. COLUMBIA, Mo. Missouri death row inmate introduces new alibi in quadruple killing Im just ready for him to get what he deserves, she said. Heady was the only woman to be executed in the gas chamber. DIED ON DEATH ROW on February 16, 2023 of complications following surgery to remove a brain tumor. List of death row inmates in the United States; List of juveniles executed in the United States since 1976; Ive never smoked a joint in my life, never smoked cigarettes, never used cocaine, heroin. })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');

He admitted his crime. When he was 22, they moved with their daughter to San Bernardino, California. Inmate (Updated 3/26/14)Date of BirthReceivedCounty of Offense Johnson was. Prior to McLaughlins execution, just 17 had been put to death since 1976, when the US Supreme Court reinstated the death penalty after a brief suspension, according to the Death Penalty Information Center. I refuse to do it | Opinion, Patient dead, 2 medical personnel injured after ambulance overturns in Kansas City, Donald Trumps empty, ugly suggestion that E. Jean Carroll wasnt hot enough to rape | Opinion, NFL executive thanks KC for hosting Draft, says attendance slightly exceeded projection, ESPN analyst wasnt sure about KC barbecue. A state that made the choice to take the offensive on the death penalty now finds itself on the defensive in virtually every way.. They lay pictures of my girl Angela and the kids out on the table in the house deceased. Missouri executed three people in 10 weeks starting in November 2022: Kevin Johnson, Amber McLaughlin and Leonard Taylor, who maintained that he was innocent, died by lethal injection. Noted Details: Tiny Mercer became the first person to be executed in Missouri since 1965. AMY GOODMAN: Kevin Johnson, speaking from Missouri death row. James Trainum, a policing expert who served with the Washington, D.C., Police Department for 27 years, also reviewed the investigation at the request of Taylors attorneys. His response was Im saving it for later. McGee and his victim, John Manor, entered MSP in 1937 for the murder of a Mississippi County man. A ballistics test proved that the fatal bullet came from his firearm. Records from other carriers like Sprint showed calls were made from Rowes number to their customers up to Dec. 3, 2004, long after Taylor had flown to the west coast. Noted Details: The judge who sentenced Heady & Carl called it the most cold-blooded, brutal murder he had ever tried. At least one of those 20 inmates, 56-year-old Carman Deck, died by lethal. Rowe was discovered in a bedroom, shot in the left side of her chest and left wrist. The murder trial began Feb. 20, 2008. He's set to die Tuesday. Most US states with the death penalty require a jury to unanimously vote to recommend or impose the death penalty, but Missouri does not. Crime: Jackson fatally shot Daisy Edmond, his paramour, on August 3rd, 1938, at her home in Joplin, Missouri. McLaughlin was abandoned by her mother and placed into the foster care system, and in one placement, had feces thrust into her face, according to the petition. A jury returned a guilty verdict and Taylor was condemned to death. He expanded his network, making connections in Chicago and the south and bringing in large sums of money, enough to support his children and buy several houses across the country. Taylor was arrested several days later in Kentucky. That should have never been. In 1998, he was released and started down a road of white collar crime. Airport surveillance footage confirmed Taylor's whereabouts. Noted Details: Before his execution at 1:28 a.m., King smoked cigarettes and chatted with prison staff. But he continued, dealing with the collateral that can come with selling drugs: rivalries, watching your back and even shootouts. They will return to the Bonne Terre prison for the execution of accomplice Roderick Nunley.

ga('create', 'UA-47017116-2', 'auto'); Taylor died at the state penitentiary in Bonne Terre, Missouri, at 6:16 p.m. local time on Tuesday. Noted Details: West helped to quarry the stone which was used to build the Missouri State Penitentiary gas chamber. The restrictions on . Prosecutors argued that no one had heard from Rowe since Taylor left town. Noted Details: The Lyles execution was the first in Missouri where a female was allowed to be a witness. "Despite his self-serving claim of innocence, the facts of his guilt in this gruesome quadruple homicide remain," Parson said. He mischievously smiles at one of the nicknames he would acquire Cass short for Casanova. Louis County Booker killed his friend on August 15th, 1953. Rick Knox, executive director of the Major Case Squad, said any reports would have been handed over to the Jennings Police Department, which no longer exists. Amber McLaughlin was the first transgender woman to be executed in the U.S. She died Jan. 3. Taylor was found guilty of murdering Angela Rowe, 28; her daughters Alexus Conley, 10, and AcQreya Conley, 6; and her son Tyrese Conley, 5. Missouri executed two men this year. "I think any fair-minded person that looks at all the evidence we have now would have serious doubts about whether he's guilty, and that's all we're really asking forto be able to be given an opportunity in front of a judge," Gipson said. His attorneys discovered a disclaimer issued by the phone company Charter which had not been shared with the defense at trial saying their call records may not be complete. Noted Details: Taken to the gas chamber at 5:00 a.m., entered the gas chamber at 6:18 a.m., and was pronounced dead at 6:23-6:24 a.m. by Dr. W.W. Rambo and Dr. H.S. U.S. Leonard "Raheem" Taylor, a 58-year-old man convicted in 2008 for the slayings of his girlfriend and her three young children, was put to death by lethal injection Tuesday night in. However, Kelli Halls father, Jim Hall, told reporters after the execution that what Ferguson felt in dying wasnt one iota compared to the fear and pain his daughter felt when her life was taken from her at age 17. They also contended Taylor had no motive. Trump's latest attack addresses DeSantis' overseas trips to the U.K., Israel, Florida's Covid-19 record, and polling support for the 2024 Presidential race. Missouri death row inmate Kevin Johnson executed for killing police He was pronounced dead shortly after. This website is maintained by Learfield Communications and is not affiliated with the Missouri Department of Corrections. I had a taste of the good life, he said. What are some Missouri death row inmates' final meal requests? - MSN Leonard Taylor is set to be executed by Missouri in 9 days. MISSOURI # Name: Date: Method: County; 78: Earl Ringo Jr. September 10, 2014: Lethal Injection: Boone: 77: Michael Shane Worthington: August 6, 2014: Lethal Injection: St. Charles: 76: The St. Louis County medical examiner was called at 6:15 p.m. Rowes sister Gerjuan Rowe identified the victims at the MEs office at 10:30 that night. Beverly Conley, an aunt of the children, maintains that she too spoke to Rowe a week before the bodies were found. appreciated. The evidence shows Taylor committed these atrocities and a jury found him guilty. Family of Missouri death row inmate asks for clemency - NBC News Crime: Sanford was convicted of the brutal robbery & homicide of Mary Santo, age 56, of Potosi, Missouri. Many members of the legislature were strongly opposed to the bill and argued that more death sentences would result. Jim Hall was joined by his former wife and Kellis mother, Susan King, two brothers, Stephen (and Melissa) Hall and Michael Venegoni, Jr., and a cousin, Chris Parmeter, in saying that today was a special day for Kellis family., Its been a very long 25 years waiting for this execution, way too long, Jim said. He was convicted and sentenced to die by lethal injection. Several family members of the murder victims believe he was the perpetrator and want the execution to go forward. SC83680 Supreme Court Opinion. At the trial, the office said they had been killed three weeks, not three days, before their bodies were discovered, according to The Kansas City Star. Tisius Michael A.2/16/8110/1/01Boone (Randolph)

ga('create', 'UA-47017116-2', 'auto'); Earlier in the day, she had told him that she had gotten a restraining order to keep him away from her . She provided a sworn declaration that she and her father called Rowe during his California visit. Thompson was apprehended after killing a bystander and wounding a MO State Patrol Officer. Pronounced dead after four minutes. He had three burglary convictions, one arson, and one auto theft. Winfield, John E.8/18/709/18/98St. Neither are expected to advance in the overwhelmingly GOP-dominated legislature. The autopsies initially indicated the homicides had taken place two to three days before the bodies were found. McLaughlins execution the first in the US this year is unusual: Executions of women in the United States are already rare. At the time of the murder, Mercer had a charge against him of raping a 17-year old girl. He went through security, walked to gate 16 and boarded Southwest flight 605. Leonard Taylor, inset, was executed in Missouri on Tuesday for a 2004 quadruple murder, marking the state's third execution in four months. Governor Jay Nixon issued a brief statement about the execution, saying that Jeffrey Ferguson was convicted of Kellis murder and sentenced to the ultimate punishment provided by Missouri law. By University of Kansas Health System. Who Is Leonard Taylor? Missouri to Execute Man over 2004 Murders - Newsweek He was dead seven minutes later. He speaks openly about his years as a drug dealer who made lucrative sums of money trafficking cocaine throughout several states. Missouri death row inmate's execution can proceed after court rejects Noted Details: Pronounced dead at 12:09 a.m. by Warden E.V. It was a quiet spot, he said he would visit to get away from drug dealing. Missouri has only executed one woman before, state Corrections Department spokeswoman Karen Pojmann said in an email. Fax: 573-751-4099, (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ The 37-year-old had his . Kevin Johnson, a 37 year old who was convicted of ambushing and killing a St. Louis area police officer he blamed in the death of his younger brother, was put to death last month. If Parson were to grant clemency, McLaughlins attorneys argued, he would not have subverted the will of the jury, since the jury could not agree on a capital sentence. I was so happy to connect with my father and his new family that I cried quite a bit that day.. Burch told jurors that the temperature in the house had been in the 50s, which led to the estimated time of death changing. There was evidence of rigor mortis when the victims were discovered. Turn on desktop notifications for breaking stories about interest? That would have been at least four days after Taylor had left for California. Lousi The non-profit organization confirmed McLaughlin is the first openly transgender person to be executed in the United States. Ferguson and Ousley were charged with first degree murder but Ousley pleaded guilty and received a life sentence. How many sit on Missouri's death row? | KSNF/KODE | FourStatesHomepage.com [1] From 1937 until 1987 lethal gas inhalation was used. REPRIEVED on April 14, 2023 by Governor Mike DeWine. Kevin Johnson Is Set to Be Executed Tuesday. Will Missouri Stay According to Death Row U.S.A. Spring 2022, a report by the Legal Defense Fund, 20 people were on death row in Missouri as of April 1st, 2022 - the 18th most among states. After prosecutors learned of his airtight alibi, he alleges they prodded witnesses to change their testimony about the timing of the homicides, putting him in town. There is no known case of an openly transgender inmate being executed in the U.S. before, according to the anti-execution Death Penalty Information Center. This is what we learned. LOUIS -- Nearly 1,600 death row inmates have been put to death in the U.S. since 1977, but an execution scheduled for Tuesday in Missouri will be the first of an openly transgender woman. Executions: 1938-1965 | Missouri Death Row SUMMER BALLENTINE and JOHN D. HANNA Associated Press, This image provided by the Federal Public Defender Office shows death row inmate Amber McLaughlin. CNNs Rebekah Riess and Emma Tucker contributed to this report. That Monday, he hopped on a Greyhound bus with a kilo of coke and headed to Georgia where he had business to do. Johnson, Ernest Lee8/20/606/20/95Boone In a "per curiam" order from all seven justices, the court declared that Johnny A. Johnson will be put to death on Aug.1, 2023 for the horrific death of young Cassandra "Casey . Governor Parson carefully reviews the specific facts and circumstances of each case to determine if clemency is appropriate, said Kelli Jones, a spokeswoman for his office. Pojmann said 9% of Missouri's prison population is female, and all capital punishment inmates are imprisoned at Potosi Correctional Center. Ive always said that I wasnt going to be the type of person to say Well, Ill wait till I retire at 65 or 70 and then Ill start living. No, youre dying then.. He says now, maybe, his family can move on. -- The first openly transgender woman set to be executed in the U.S. is asking Missouri's governor for mercy, citing mental health issues. His case is under review by prosecutors in St. Louis Countys conviction unit, according to Chris King, a spokesman for the office. Crime: Cochran of Columbia, Missouri was convicted of the rape & slaying of Mary Lou Jenkins, a former Stephens College student. Parson says, Leonard Taylor, set to be executed Tuesday, helped innocent man win freedom from MO prison, Attorneys ask Missouri Supreme Court to halt Feb. 7 execution, AGs office opposes delay, A grave injustice: U.S. Rep. Cori Bush calls for Missouri execution to be halted. His execution was carried out in the former gas chamber which was converted to use lethal injection. His daughters wept as the curtain was drawn and he lie on the gurney. State . My family and I have been devastated for years over this. $40 was obtained in the robbery. There are no tours during December, January or February. Deck, Carman8/9/654/27/98Jefferson County Crime: Left MSP as a trustee on August 9th, 1952, and became intoxicated. Transgender inmate on Missouri's death row asks for mercy Nunley, Roderick3/10/655/14/91Jackson They were just happy to see each other, Perry recalled in a phone interview last week. It would continue the systemic failures that existed throughout Ambers life where no interventions occurred to stop and intercede to protect her as a child and teen, Komp said. Missouri death row inmate's execution can proceed after court rejects racial bias claim Kevin Johnson, who is Black, was convicted in the 2005 killing of a Missouri police officer. Bowman, Gregory8/16/5112/11/09St. Box 236 Jefferson City, MO 65102 Phone: 573-751-2389 TTD: 573-751-5984 It happened to be payday for many and it was like rush hour at McDonalds. Taylor kept re-upping with his new partners. The death row inmates were held in a below-ground unit, isolated from other inmates, unable to leave the special facility, and were only allowed one hour of exercise per day in a fenced area adjoining the facility. Taylor said he wishes Gov. "It is extremely unusual for a woman to commit a capital offense, such as a brutal murder, and even more unusual for a women to, as was the case with McLaughlin, rape and murder a woman," Pojmann said. Three federal inmates were executed in January 2021, toward the . From 1976, the year the U.S. Supreme Court reinstated the death penalty after a short-lived prohibition, to April 1st, 2022, a total of 91 state prisoners in Missouri were executed. In his final statement, convicted rapist and killer Jeffrey Ferguson wrote that he prays for the victims family to have peace in their hearts one day and lose the anger, hate and need for revenge that has driven them and that they find forgiveness, compassion and love in their hearts instead.. In an affidavit signed Wednesday, less than two weeks before the execution date, forensic pathologist Jane Turner cast doubt on the medical examiners determination on the time of death. All questions regarding inmates or issues relating to capital punishment may be directed to the Missouri Department of Corrections. His family was devastated by this. Michael Taylor never denied his part in the rape and murder of fifteen-year old Ann Harrison of Kansas City a quarter century ago. A judge sentenced McLaughlin to death after a jury was unable to decide on death or life in prison without parole. Barton, Walter1/24/566/28/94Christian One day, he reconnected with an old neighbor who told him his sister had had a crush on him back in the day. Taylor, the middle of five children, was 7 when his parents separated. Taylor said they relocated there after problems with a relative of the children. The four victims were found shot to death inside their Jennings, Missouri, home on December 3, 2004. John Brown Age: 35 Crime: Killed Kansas City, Missouri motorcycle patrolman, William Cavanaugh, in a tavern holdup on April 7, 1936. Throughout years of appeals, new information has been uncovered. Five grams of pentobarbital ended his life nine minutes after the lethal injection process began. This story was originally published January 29, 2023, 5:00 AM. They started flirting, exchanged numbers and fell in love. A Warner Bros. He had only seen a couple baby pictures of his daughter. Taylor, Leon3/2/585/11/95Jackson Then he tried burnt ends for the first time, Missouri, Kansas hospitals that denied emergency abortion broke the law, feds say, Judge blocks Missouri transgender care restrictions hours before they were set to take effect, Stolen checks were being sold out of vehicle stopped in road in Missouri, feds say, Internationally known doctor drowns while fishing in the Ozarks, Missouri cops say, LGBTQ+ lawmaker to GOP: Im literally trying to exist, Judge blocks Missouri rule that would limit transgender care, Missouri executes Leonard Taylor, convicted of quadruple murder, despite innocence claim, Leonard Taylor not allowed spiritual advisor at execution. The two obtained only $45.00 in the robbery. That would have been after Taylor left for California. Charles P.O. His wife didnt agree with his new profession. The motive for the crime was robbery, which netted only $5.00. Missouri: Profile: 4 July 20, 2023 Jemaine Monteil Cannon: 51 23 28 Black Oklahoma Profile: 5 August 1, 2023 Johnny A. Johnson: 45 24 21 White Missouri Profile: 6 . ST. LOUIS (AP) - The recent pace of executions in Missouri is expected to slow in the coming months. Louis County Now he is on 24-hour lock down because prisoners with a death warrant are moved to solitary confinement. Noted Details: The judge who sentenced Heady & Carl called it the most cold-blooded, brutal murder he had ever tried. McLaughlin was convicted of killing 45-year-old Beverly Guenther on Nov. 20, 2003. Surely Allah is with the patient and do not speak of those [Muslims] who are slain in Allah's way as dead; nay, (they/we are) alive, but you do not perceive [their life and strength]. Last year, Texas executed three inmates, Oklahoma executed two, and one each were put to death in Alabama, Mississippi and Missouri. The bill was changed to lethal gas instead of the electric chair, and passed. Even if his life is spared, Taylor would remain in prison serving out a sentence on an unrelated rape case. Louis Box 236 Jefferson City, MO 65102 Phone: 573-751-2389 TTD: 573-751-5984 Crime: Anderson was convicted of murdering a 15-year old delivery boy during a robbery in a St. Louis drugstore. The crime took place near Neelyville, Missouri. Crime: Killed Vivion Davidson, his childhood sweetheart, on June 8th, 1938, as she sat in an automobile near the home of relatives in St. Louis County. Executions | Missouri State Penitentiary Taylor regularly made drug runs, staying with one of his girlfriends in whatever city he was in, from Washington to Kentucky. He died in the gas chamber with Chester Jackson. Crime: Shot his wife on May 5th, 1953, while she was in bed. A witness testified that they saw Taylor discard the possible murder weapon at the scene, which matched the caliber of the bullets used in the killings. The death penalty was first used in Missouri in 1810 when Peter Johnson was hanged for murder. He finally got a lead in 2004. Eighteen prisoners remain on death row, including Marcellus Williams, who was granted a stay in 2017 after DNA testing on the murder weapon revealed he was not a match. McLaughlin was pronounced dead at 6:51 p.m., the Missouri Department of Corrections said in a written statement. Danny R. Wolfe - the Missouri Supreme Court reversed both the guilt and penalty phases in this case. Teen's kidnapper, rapist, killer executed in Missouri - CBS News Mike Parson to spare her. Gill, Mark Anthony *11/15/704/20/04New Madrid Eventually Taylor was extradited back to Missouri where he faced a separate rape case in the city of St. Louis. Lets go to the funeral. Box 236 The execution was carried out at 12:01 a.m. She had two daughters and they settled in Tacoma, Washington. Perkins served two previous sentences for assault with intent to kill. (AP Photo/Atlanta Journal-Constitution, Ben Gray) ** MARIETTA DAILY OUT, GWINNETT DAILY POST OUT ** /Atlanta Journal-Constitution via AP), This image provided by the Federal Public Defender Office shows death row inmate Amber McLaughlin. Noted Details: Porter signed a confession. Leonard Taylor is set to be executed by Missouri in 9 days. Will an During the third interrogation, he was taken to the Jennings Police Department, a Major Case Squad report said. Taylor said he considered the girls his daughters and not stepchildren because steps are something you walk on.. Speer identified King on his death bed. In 2000, Taylor faced charges after one of his bank accounts was flagged. A nationwide manhunt led to authorities finding Taylor hiding in the floorboard of a car after leaving another girlfriend's home in Kentucky. (Jeremy S. Weis/Federal Public Defender Office via AP), when the US Supreme Court reinstated the death penalty, require a jury to unanimously vote to recommend or impose the death penalty. That would not last more than a week after death even with the cold temperature in the house, according to Turner. RESCHEDULED on January 24, 2023 by the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals; execution date reset for June 6, 2024. Alexus Conley, 10, Acqreya Conley, 6, and Tyrese Conley, 5, were found lying on a bed in a different bedroom. Mike Parson should stop all Missouri death row executions | The Kansas Gipson filed this request under a Missouri law that allows a prosecutor to ask for a hearing before a judge if new evidence could prove a wrongful conviction. Davis, Richard7/9/648/31/07Jackson County Since Parson took office in 2018, Missouri has executed four convicted killers Russell Bucklew, Walter Barton, Ernest . The warden repeated himself. His grandmother warned him against reefer, saying it was a gateway drug, and other family members told him dope is for dopes. Taylor said he was pretty much square..

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