Eustachian tube dysfunction. Make sure that the ear canal is ALWAYS dry. This could cause lasting damage to your hearing. Some people experience ear pain when flying in a plane. Sometimes the doctor recommends nasal decongestants to normalize the nasal pressure. Patient is a UK registered trade mark. Swollen Tonsils But No Pain, What Could Be the Cause? Your email address will not be published. By contrast, ETD that is due to an illness or infection can last much longer. Treatment for the underlying cause isn't always necessary. The first and most important test that can diagnose this conditionis the otoscopy. Inner ear. If the condition persists for longer than six months, you may start having complications that include hearing loss, which typically lasts until the rupture heals. Select your treatmentPilesAnal FistulaFissurePilonidal SinusHernia SurgeryGallstones SurgeryCarpal Tunnel SyndromeACL-TearKnee ReplacementHip ReplacementSpine SurgeryShoulder Tendon RepairShoulder Labrum Tear SurgeryShoulder DislocationCataract SurgeryLasik SurgeryHysterectomyHysteroscopyEardrum surgeryDeviated Nasal SeptumAdenoidectomyFESS / SinusTonsillectomy / TonsilKidney StonesProstate EnlargementMale InfertilityVaricoceleLaser CircumcisionZSR CircumcisionVaricose VeinsDiabetic Foot UlcerDeep Vein ThrombosisAV Fistula for DialysisHair TransplantGynecomastiaLiposuction SurgeryBreast SurgeryFace LiftTummy TuckScar RemovalLipomaBreast LiftBreast LumpBreast ReductionBreast AugmentationOvarian CystHymenoplastyVaginal TighteningPCODIrregular PeriodsDilation and curettageVaginal CystHysteroscopyPain during IntercourseUrine infectionHysterectomyFibroids treatmentEctopic PregnancyMedical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)Abnormal Uterine BleedingVaginal BleachVaginal RejuvenationPap smear problemsRecurrent Vaginal InfectionAbnormal Vaginal DischargeImperforate HymenVaginal wartEctopic pregnancyMolar pregnancyBartholin CystMiscarriageEndometriosisDermoid CystChocolate CystAdenomyosisIVFAxillary BreastThyroidectomy, Consult with our expert surgeon for more than 50+ diseases. Blowing up a special balloon. . You could end up with infections like: Treatment for a retracted eardrum varies depending on the severity of the retraction and any resulting complications. To understand the condition better, lets have a look at the ear anatomy. If a retracted eardrum starts to press on the bones of your ear and impact hearing, you may need surgery. A person can often easily manage ETD at home. People with ETD may experience a number of warning signs. John Carew, MD, is board-certified in otolaryngology and is an adjunct assistant professor at New York University Medical Center. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Glue ear can cause the ear drum to thin and fall in - called a retraction pocket This can lead to further complications and hearing loss If the ear drum is severely retracted chronic middle ear disease and cholesteatoma may develop A cholesteatoma is an abnormal growth of skin misplaced in the middle ear Who needs ear grommets? Hope this helps. Tympanometry is a test that measures the movement of your eardrum, or tympanic membrane. The pain is caused by unequal pressure that develops between the air in the middle ear and the air outside the ear during takeoffs and landings. These remedies help open and close the eustachian tube and relieve the pressure. Negative pressure occurs when the eustachian tube, which runs between the middle ear and the upper throat, is not working well. var pid = 'ca-pub-7782465460111009'; However, ensure that you do not soak yourself or scrub the wound thoroughly. Learn about the causes, symptoms, and, Tinnitus refers to the sensation of hearing sounds within the ear, such as ringing, rather than from outside of the ear. Why the eardrum retracts? 2015 Jan 192015. pii: 0501. Cholesteatoma. The pain may get worse the lower the plane gets and can be quite severe on landing. He was flying in 2 hours and wanted to know what I could do to help. Treating the underlying cause is the best way to treat and prevent recurring symptoms of ETD. In particular, if you are congested (because of a cold or hay fever, for example), it is harder for your ears to adapt. Doctors usually diagnose ETD based on a physical examination and a persons symptoms. Is it safe to fly with a retracted eardrum? A vacuum develops behind the eardrum, causing it to collapse inward. Giving an infant a bottle or pacifier may help relieve the symptoms. When you rupture your eardrum, there's a hole in your eardrum tissue. There are several methods to try to equalize inner ear pressure as an alternative to surgery. document.getElementById( "ak_js" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Treatment* Select your treatmentPilesAnal FistulaFissurePilonidal SinusHernia SurgeryGallstones SurgeryCarpal Tunnel SyndromeACL-TearKnee ReplacementHip ReplacementSpine SurgeryShoulder Tendon RepairShoulder Labrum Tear SurgeryShoulder DislocationCataract SurgeryLasik SurgeryHysterectomyHysteroscopyEardrum surgeryDeviated Nasal SeptumAdenoidectomyFESS / SinusTonsillectomy / TonsilKidney StonesProstate EnlargementMale InfertilityVaricoceleLaser CircumcisionZSR CircumcisionVaricose VeinsDiabetic Foot UlcerDeep Vein ThrombosisAV Fistula for DialysisHair TransplantGynecomastiaLiposuction SurgeryBreast SurgeryFace LiftLipomaTummy TuckScar RemovalBreast LiftBreast LumpBreast ReductionBreast AugmentationAxillary BreastThyroidectomy. (1) In order to understand what a retracted eardrum really is, it can be helpful to first refresh your memory about basic eardrum anatomy. In some cases, healing takes months. Healthline reports that this test can be very useful to measure how the middle ear responds to changes in air pressure. . These are implants that balance the pressure in the ears and help reduce the likelihood of middle ear infections. Never delay seeking professional medical advice because of something you have read on this site! ). (There was no sign of infection.) For example, a medication called pseudoephedrine. These reasons can be as varied as allergy season and altitude changes. This is described on a scale of 1 to 4, with level 1 being mild retraction and level 4 being an eardrum that is fully stuck in the auditory tube and middle ear. Cholesteatoma is one of the most serious conditions affecting the ear. A vacuum is created within the middle ear, causing the entire eardrum or parts of it to get "sucked in" (retract). This eardrum can retract or in other words back in due to several types of trauma such as-, Some of the conditions that can contribute to a retracted eardrum are mentioned below-, In most cases, there are no symptoms of a retracted eardrum. The main wheels retracted by turning through 90 degrees before folding back into the nacelles, while the tail wheel retracted forward. The Eustachian tube is normally closed but opens from time to time when we swallow, yawn or chew. Sinus infections can also trigger ETD, as a sinus infection causes the eustachian tubes to become inflamed or filled with mucus. (5)diseaseslist.org/retracted-eardrum/ is grangemouth a nice place to live kaldi's coffee nutritional information can you fly with a retracted eardrum Conditions that cause auditory (eustachian) tube dysfunction can lead to a retracted eardrum. All rights reserved. When the Eustachian tube doesn't allow air to enter the middle ear, the eardrum can collapse. These can be bought from pharmacies, and some people find they help stop the pain during flying or unblock ears afterwards. An abnormal growth of skin (which the American Academy of Otolaryngology calls a cholesteatoma) that impacts the eardrum.(4). ins.style.width = '100%'; The eardrum is the name of the thin middle portion of the ear, which is also called the tympanic membrane, according to WebMD. Areas of partial retraction are sometimes referred to as retraction pockets. I informed him about ear plugs and taking something like Afrin before flight. Please, try to calm down. Moreover, ETD may stem from simple changes in altitude or air pressure. Many people also find that the symptoms of minor ETD can go away as they swallow, so drinking a beverage or having a snack may help. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2016.01.010. But the auditory tube also clears mucus and other debris from the ears, allowing it to drain into the back of the throat. If accidentally water gets inside the ear, just dab it dry with a towel but don't put anything inside the ear. Occasionally pain or a feeling of blockage drags on. Your email address will not be published. A build-up of fluid in the ear canals. Any of these symptoms can count as ETD. It becomes necessary to have surgical intervention when the retracted eardrum starts to press on the bones of the ear. When this happens, and the eustachian tube does not ventilate properly, a dysfunction occurs. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Another less-common type of Eustachian tube dysfunction is where the e-tubes . Commonly known as the eardrum, this is a tissue layer that separates the outer part of the ear from the middle ear. Myringotomies involve an incision into the eardrum to relieve pressure and permit the drainage of fluid. Your middle ear is an air containing cavity behind your eardrum that requires the pressure to be continually equalized so that the ear drum doesn't bulge out or retract in (and cause severe pain). As the ear drum retracts it may make contact with the other two hearing bones. The cause is a quick change in altitude and pressure. A retracted eardrum usually doesnt cause any symptoms. Your doctor will need to help you treat it. As a result, this thin piece of tissue (also known as the tympanic membrane) can no longer separate the middle and outer ear as it should. var lo = new MutationObserver(window.ezaslEvent); Of note, fluid in the middle ears is treated the same way. Home Blog Retracted Eardrum Everything You Need To Know. We explain. The second relates to nerve or cochlea trauma. Each of these tests can be useful to obtain an accurate diagnosis. A chronic ear infection can be an ear infection that doesnt heal or a recurring ear infection. The nine signs you may have a perforated eardrum include: Hearing loss. A retracted eardrum refers to a condition wherein the eardrum gets pulled or sucked into the area occurring behind it. As Healthy LifeMed outlines, here are some of the most common conditions that can give rise to a retracted eardrum:(3), A middle ear infection. All rights reserved. It is important always to take out travel insurance at the point of booking a holiday - if you are advised not to fly by a doctor then your insurance will cover the cost of the holiday. These vibrations alert the cochlea, at the deepest interior levels of the ear, to send the sound impulses to the brain for decoding. Also, if you have any condition that causes a blockage to the Eustachian tube then the air cannot travel up to the middle ear. var ins = document.createElement('ins'); Tympanometry. (11)mdedge.com/pediatricnews/article/78936/infectious-diseases/spectral-gradient-acoustic-reflectometry-aids Other times, it can occur due to a medical condition, such as meningitis or otitis media. Fluttering or popping feeling in the ears. (12)webmd.com/cold-and-flu/ear-infection/tympanocentesis-for-ear-infections Dysfunctional Eustachian tubes can cause a variety of annoying symptoms, depending on the type. In younger children holding, tugging, or rubbing of the ear, or non-specific symptoms such as fever, crying, poor feeding, restlessness, behavioural changes, cough, or rhinorrhoea. The treatment used to correct a retracted eardrum depends on the root cause of your auditory tube dysfunction. If your ear pain or hearing loss is worsening or you have fluid draining from your ear, contact your healthcare provider as soon as possible. The resulting infection could spread to your inner ear or even the brain. You should see a doctor if the pain or dulled hearing does not clear within a few days. Try doing the following: take a breath in. Season allergies and illnesses that create inflammation in the area, such as the flu or cold, are common causes of ETD. This means pinching the nose closed while closing the mouth, and blowing into the nose. However, more serious retractions lead to ear pain and hearing loss. How to know if the eardrum has retracted. Blocked eustachian tubes can cause discomfort and lead to hearing problems. (2009). However, potentially serious complications can arise if the underlying cause isn't treated. Clicking or popping sounds. The middle ear area is connected to the nose by the Eustachian Tube. However, the treatment of retracted eardrum should be done with proper consultation with the E.N.T doctor. Have a drink, ideally through a straw or sports bottle. 2010.-2023. If ETD occurs as a result of another condition, the doctor may ask questions about that as well in order to determine the correct treatment. If this does happen, the pain usually goes away immediately. This usually happens after a sudden blow to the head. Children experiencing minor or temporary ETD symptoms can eat a snack or chew a piece of gum. It sends sound vibrations from the world around you to tiny bones in your middle ear. Perforated eardrums usually heal well without any treatment. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. They do this by blocking the flow of air into the middle ear and creating negative pressure. The treatment depends on the underlying cause due to which the eardrum retracted. These activities include: People with allergies may experience ETD more often, as allergies can cause increased mucus and congestion. Read our, Eardrum Conditions That Cause Redness Inside the Ear. The eardrum has several functions, including transmitting and amplifying sound waves and protecting delicate ear structures.Eardrum retraction can interfere with this and cause symptoms like: If the cause of a retracted eardrum is not treated, the negative pressure inside the middle ear can lead to other problems including: All of these conditions can lead to varying degrees of permanent hearing loss. Tympanic membrane retraction is fairly common and has been observed in one quarter of a population of British school children. (4)entnet.org/content/cholesteatoma The answer is yes. Retracted Eardrum Everything You Need To Know, Causes of Clicking,Ticking,Tapping Sounds in Ears. We link primary sources including studies, scientific references, and statistics within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Interventions for adult eustachian tube dysfunction: a systematic review. container.style.maxWidth = container.style.minWidth + 'px'; All rights reserved. Not Getting Enough Sleep? Can diet help improve depression symptoms? Thats why you should see a doctor about any ear discomfort. 18.46.) Wright T; Middle-ear pain and trauma during air travel. ins.style.minWidth = container.attributes.ezaw.value + 'px'; (2001). The small space in the middle ear behind the eardrum is normally filled with air. (n.d.). Registered number: 10004395 Registered office: Fulford Grange, Micklefield Lane, Rawdon, Leeds, LS19 6BA. (10)healthline.com/health/tympanometry ins.className = 'adsbygoogle ezasloaded'; But when are hearing is impacted, at some level our quality of life is also affected. Its not able to perform this function if it collapses, leading to cholesteatoma., Signs of a cholesteatoma resemble that of a ruptured eardrum. Consult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. Some people can have a condition that health experts refer to as patulous eustachian tube, where tubes stay open when they should be closed. (7)drpaul.com/illnesses/retracted-ear-drum.php This will allow them to see if your eardrum is pushed inward. Tympanoplasty is the surgery used to repair a ruptured eardrum either on its own or as part of a larger operation involving the middle ear. For instance, if ETD results from a change in altitude, these symptoms will often go away as the body adjusts to the pressure or reaches a lower altitude. It's all due to pressure changes. For example, some people may have a more narrow Eustachian tube than normal. A tympanostomy tube may be inserted through the eardrum to keep the middle ear aerated for a prolonged time and to prevent . Basically, you put them in before the door of the aircraft is shut. Erosion of the small bones in the ear (specifically the. However, if the diagnosis is something like cholesteatoma, an overgrowth of skin that is impacting eardrum function and may lead to permanent hearing loss, surgery is more likely to be prescribed. For details see our conditions. According to American Family Physician (AFP), the position of the retracted portion (inward or outward or a combination of neutral with inward/outward) will also impact the diagnosis of the underlying cause.(9). This video has been medically reviewed by Chris Vincent, MD. Until the pressure inside the tubes behind your eardrum adapts, the pressure inside and outside your ear is different. The doctor can insert ear tubes into the eardrums to drain the excess wax from the ear. If the retracted eardrum is caused by an infection or allergies, the treatment of choice is typically allergy medication or shots or antibiotics or a combination thereof. This makes the tubes more likely to become clogged by mucus or germs. The not-so severe cases of the retracted eardrum can improve on its own if the pressure inside the eardrum returns to the normal level. Acute otitis media: Part I. Common signs and symptoms include: Moderate discomfort or pain in your ear Feeling of fullness or stuffiness in your ear Muffled hearing or slight to moderate hearing loss If airplane ear is severe, you might have: Severe pain Increased ear pressure Moderate to severe hearing loss Smoking can damage the delicate hairs in the throat and middle ear. The Healthy Apron is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com and affiliated sites. In this article, we discuss the the symptoms, causes, and treatments for ETD. Ideally, anyone with an ear infection, cold or respiratory infection, etc, should not fly. The size of your rupture and its location plays a role in how the condition affects your hearing. (9)aafp.org/afp/2000/0401/p2051.html Learn more. The Healthy Apron does not provide any medical advice,treatment or diagnosis. This pressure can be due to sinus congestion or blunt force trauma. 6. What happens in the . The following medical conditions are risk factors as well: Yet another risk factor is having a ciliary disorder, such as primary ciliary dyskinesia, which is an inherited condition where the cilia in the airway do not work properly. lo.observe(document.getElementById(slotId + '-asloaded'), { attributes: true }); However, just talking about this health issue and finding out that you or someone you love is suffering from a retracted eardrum are two entirely different experiences. Kristin Hayes, RN, is a registered nurse specializing in ear, nose, and throat disorders for both adults and children. For example, if enlarged adenoids or tonsils are preventing the auditory tube from draining, they may be need to be removed. Too much earwax or water in the ear can lead to clogged ears. There are a few different causes of ETD, and certain factors may increase a persons likelihood of developing it. Children with symptoms of ETD should receive medical help sooner, as the symptoms of ETD are similar to an ear infection. What Are Ear Stones, Also Known as Otoconia? Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. Is the ketogenic diet right for autoimmune conditions? One of the leading causes of a tympanic membrane retraction is Eustachian tube dysfunction. Furthermore, a childs immune system is less able to fight off infections, as it is not fully developed. It depends a little on the age of the child. ins.id = slotId + '-asloaded'; Before you bathe, apply petroleum jelly to a cotton ball and put it in your ear to block water. If an Eustachian tube issue changes that balance, it can produce a vacuum that starts pulling the eardrum toward the middle ear. 2023 Healthline Media LLC. One of the symptoms of vertigo is dizziness. These include: However, significant weight loss can also lead to dysfunction when fat buildup in the tubes decreases too quickly. The hearing loss may be minor or major depending on the cause of the damage and how long it has been going on. (Health Technology Assessment, No. When your Eustachian tubes arent working correctly, decreased pressure inside your ear can cause your eardrum to collapse inward. Your consultation will be scheduled at the earliest. See additional information. This is almost always caused by something hitting your head, a hard fall, or a car accident. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Mild cases often improve as pressure in your ear returns to its usual level. More info. A basal skull fracture is a fracture in one of the bones at the base of your skull. Children usually get PE tubes and will typically not need them as they get older. Pain that mimics an ear infection. (2010). Any of these symptoms can count as eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). Middle ear. Some people experience ear pain when flying in a plane. Even just riding the elevator in a tall building may be enough for some people to develop unpleasant symptoms. Sometimes a broken eardrum may occur as a result of atmospheric pressure fluctuations contrasted with air pressure in your ear. - The Healthy Apron. Nasal decongestant sprays. Sometimes, your eardrum gets pushed inward toward your middle ear. For someone looking for a solution for the retracted eardrum, can visit Pristyn Care clinics for consultation with the doctor. The symptoms of ETD will usually clear up on their own. Required fields are marked *. Lifestyle risks include smoking and carrying excess body weight. When it becomes stretched inward, patients often experience pain, pressure, and hearing loss. A retracted eardrum is a manifestation of conductive hearing loss. Read our editorial policy. Ear tubes may be used to keep the hole open and allow fluid to pass continually. Sinus infections, seasonal allergies and hay fever can also affect the Eustachian tube. In very rare cases, the inner ears can be damaged when you fly with a bad ear infection. Surgery for tympanic membrane retraction pockets. 2015;141(1):34-9. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2014.2804, Danner CJ. Sometimes, dried mucus or other particles can get stuck in or near the eustachian tube and cause symptoms. Due to some particular activities, this eardrum can be pushed back inside the ear, which is known as the retracted eardrum. Any of these conditions can lead to dysfunction that causes hearing loss. (These are not suitable for children under the age of 6 years, and only with the advice of a pharmacist for children aged 6-12 years.) That's not a problem if the tube remains clear. Ear barotrauma, also known as airplane ear, is a condition that causes ear discomfort when you experience pressure changes, such as altitude change. Orange Tongue Why It Happens and How to Treat It? Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. The risk of complications is also directly related to the degree of eardrum retraction. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); When you visit the clinic with an earache or drainage, the doctor starts the diagnosis by asking questions about the symptoms and confirms the presence of any infection. Surgical correction is required. This pushes the eardrum in, stretching it and giving you pain. Hey there, I was recently diagnosed with a retracted eardrum as well and I sadly have ringing in my ear after a concert (that was last week, Aug 10). This pulled back or retracted eardrum can cause an . If you have a cholesteatoma, then you will likely need to have surgery to remove the cyst. The most common cause is an inflammation of the Eustachian tube, which leads to a build-up of mucus or fluid. However, if it retracts enough to press on the bones or other structures within your ear, it can cause: In more severe cases, it can cause permanent hearing loss. (2) The eardrum is attached to three tiny bones that vibrate when a sound is transmitted. It is a short, only minimally invasive test that involves transmitting tones with each measurement of the tympanometer.(10). A cholesteatoma is an abnormal collection of skin cells deep inside your ear. Air pressure outside of the eardrum must remain equal to that in the middle ear. Dizziness, vertigo or balance problems. Ask the air steward or stewardess to wake you when the plane starts to descend. (2017). Your eardrum (tympanic membrane) is the tissue separating your ear canal and your middle ear. Normally, the Eustachian tube allows air to pass from the nose to ventilate the middle ear. This is commonly known as aeroplane ear, and is a mild and temporary form of ear barotrauma. Kristin Hayes, RN, is a registered nurse specializing in ear, nose, and throat disorders for both adults and children. But if it gets clogged, not enough air is able to enter the middle ear, which causes negative pressure in the ear. Muffled sense of hearing, as if you were underwater. Either or both can become retracted, which can affect the severity of symptoms.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'thehealthyapron_com-banner-1','ezslot_4',122,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-thehealthyapron_com-banner-1-0'); Since the symptoms of heightened hearing or hearing loss tend to be the first outward sign that the eardrum may have retracted, often it is an exploration of what may be causing hearing changes that can lead to an accurate diagnosis. The surgical management of tympanic membrane retraction pockets using cartilage tympanoplasty. Normally, of the three hearing bones, only the malleus touches the ear drum. 1 Tympanoplasty is an inpatient procedure that is commonly performed under general anesthesia and sometimes local anesthesia. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Kids are also going to get these pressure changes in their ears, and there is invariably a baby bawling as the plane starts to descend and they notice their ears start to hurt. Otoscopy. They remain closed most of the time but will open as a person swallows, chews, or yawns. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Only 48 hours after the eardrum surgery, take a shower or bathe. This can be from something as simple as a common cold or the flu. Scheduling considerations Tubes as well as any procedure that involves making a hole (perforation) in the ear drum such as injections of drugs, make it impossible to perform certain diagnostic ear tests. However, if you are particularly prone to develop aeroplane ear, you may wish also to consider the following in addition to the tips above: Whilst in the plane, the treatment is the same as all the measures described in the prevention section. Collapse or retraction of the eardrum results in the skin of the eardrum being "plastered . Ear pain can be a symptom of a number of conditions, including an ear infection, pierced eardrum, Meniere's disease, blockage of the ear due to earwax buildup, and sinusitis, among others. A retracted eardrum is one that is pulled deeper into the middle ear than is normal. 1) Eustachian catarrh :- Due to the obstruction of the Eustachian tube, the air in the middle ear gets absorbed and the eardrum becomes retracted. Common eustachian tube dysfunction symptoms include: Hearing problems. Mucus-like, pus-filled, or bloody drainage from your ear. There are three parts of the ear that work together to help you hear- the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear. Cause of Tinnitus: Meniere's Disease. ago Disclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. Doing the valsalva maneuver can also help. A retracted eardrum can cause ear pain, temporary hearing loss, and drainage of fluid from the ear. This as the sucking and swallowing action will help equalise the pressures for them. A retracted eardrum can cause ear pain, temporary hearing loss, and drainage of fluid from the ear. I looked at his ears, one tympanic membrane was retracted and the other was not visible due to otitis externa (from swimming in the ocean). The 'sac' which is forming fills with this skin and is prone to getting infected. Instead, follow these simple steps to begin corrective treatment as soon as possible: Get a referral to an ENT specialist. The usual first step for treating a retracted eardrum is placement of an "ear tube".
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