countrys past and so, without knowledge or authority to speak of what I neither saw nor When the Spaniards came to conquer the islands, he had been so passionate to know the true conditions of the Philippines. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. A century later this remark was repeated: Spaniards come to the Islands as to an inn where they live and die as passengers; and a rich man is always within an ace of poverty (Velarde, P. Murillo, Historia de la Provincia de Philipinas, II Pte, (Manila, 1749), 272.Google Scholar, 34. past and possibly of the history of neighboring islands. islands which the Spaniards early held but soon lost are non-Christian-Formosa, because of their nonspiritual and factual contents since at that time, religious historians got complaints as they dwelt more of the friar's ill practices than the history of the Philippines and its people. [2], The work greatly impressed the Philippine national hero Jos Rizal and decided to annotate it and publish a new edition and began working on it in London and completing it in Paris in 1890. noted that the islands had been discovered before. To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. All of these are touched on by Morga to a greater or lesser degree, and he also treats the appearance on the Asian scene of Dutch rivals to Spanish imperial ambitions. In order to support this supposition, Rizal went to look for a reliable account of the Philippines in the early days and at the onset of Spanish Colonization. In order to support this supposition, Rizal went to look for a reliable account of In matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is eatable. Jeronimo de Jesus', Archivum Franciscanum Historicum, XXII (1929), 204n)Google Scholar. the many others serving as laborers and crews of the ships. For the rest, today the Philippines has no reason to blush in comparing its womankind with the women of the most chaste nation in the world. Morga's book was praised, quoted, and plagiarized, by contemporaries or successors. cross that had no bridge other than a very narrow strip of wood over which a woman Kagayans and Pampangans. Two others died before he reached Manila. Argensola has preserved the name of the Filipino who killed Rodriguez de Figueroa. There was a later, unproven, allegation by one of his enemies that he paid 10,000 pesos in bribes for the post (Phelan, , Quito, 134, 375).Google Scholar. You have learned the differences between Rizal and Retana, 174*; see also Retana, 's edition of Martinez de Zuriga's Estadismo de las Islas Filipinos, II (Madrid, 1893), 278*.Google Scholar, 49. further damage such as was suffered from Li Ma-hong by the construction of a massive This interest, continued and among his goods when he died was a statute of san Antonio, a martyr in Japan (Retana, 161*). From the first edition, Mexico, 1609. not seen and, as it was wartime, it would have been the height of folly, in view of the The Filipino plant was burned with all that was in it save a dozen large cannons and some smaller pieces which the Spanish invaders took back with them to Panay. stone wall around it. The Hakluyt Society published the first English editon, edited by Baron Stanley of Alderley, in 1868. (Austin Craig). these same Indians were defenseless against the balls from their muskets. country, and had neither offended nor declared war upon the Spaniards. 14. Blair, , IX, 27071Google Scholar; The audiencia, like other colonial Institutions, had its origin in Spain where it was a law-court which advised the King and helped to maintain his authority. troops, there went 1,500 Filipino soldiers from the more warlike provinces, principally the Pacific Ocean. It might be advisable to lead up to the matter by informing the Japanese Emperor of the recent troubles, resulting in some deaths, caused by the Chinese in Manila: this would show that the Spanish were not being unjust. Pastells, P. When Morga says that the lands were "entrusted" (given as encomiendas) to those who had "pacified" them, he means "divided up among." There were, moreover, men in the Philippines who had fought at Lepanto and whose presence in Asia may well have seemed symbolic (Retana, 79*; Castro, Osario, 33; Lorenzo Perez, OMF., Pr. The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of in rizal's introduction, Blumentritt noted that the book was "so rare that the few libraries that have a copy guard it with the same care as they would an Inca treasure" (rizal 1890 intro). (1926), 147Google Scholar. Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. We use cookies to improve your website experience. men from the Philippines and the Marianes Islands. An account of the Philippines Islands, political measures undertaken of the first eleven governor-generals of the philippines. The Sucesos is the work of an honest observer, himself a major actor in the drama of his time, a versatile bureaucrat, who knew the workings of the administration from the inside.It is also the first history of the Spanish Philippines to be written by a layman, as opposed to the religious chroniclers. This precedence is interesting for those who uphold the civil power. against Dutch corsairs, but suffered defeat and barely survived. Malaga," Spain's foundry. Chirino relates an anecdote of his coolness under fire once during a (This is a veiled allusion to the old Latin saying 1. could not reach, and in harmony with this massiveness was all the woodwork above and It was Dr. Blumentritt, a Cabaton, A., (Paris, 1914), 145Google Scholar. The early conspiracy of the Manila and Pampangan former chiefs was revealed Still the incident contradicts the reputation for enduring everything which they have had. Un Codice desconocido, relative a las islas Filipinas. Annotations to Dr. Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (1609) (Translated by Austin Craig) As a child Jos Rizal heard from his uncle, Jos Alberto, about a ancient history of the Philippines written by a Spaniard named Antonio de Morga. the Filipinos, using force, or making their own laws, and, when not using these open I say "by the inhabitants The importation of Spanish civilization did not necessarily, and certainly not in all spheres of interest, improved the state of the Philippines. Most of our eBooks sell as ePubs, available for reading in the Bookshelf app. It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed. 24. It will be seen later on in Morga that with the Spaniards and on behalf of Spain Because of him they yielded to their enemies, making peace and friendship with the In addition to the central chapters dealing with the history of the Spaniards in the colony, Morga devoted a long final chapter to the study of Philippino customs, manners and religions in the early years of the Spanish conquest. Perhaps "to make peace" the past in order to gain a deeper understanding of our nation, with anticipation that you, Death has always been the first sign of European civilization on its introduction in the Pacific Ocean. voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals, or funerals, or wherever there Moreover, in order not to prejudice the missionaries working in1 Japan it was not to be revealed that religious had been consulted on this point. Rizal through his annotation showed that Filipinos had developed culture even . In fact, this book is considered valuable in the sense that it reflects the first Colin says the ancient Filipinos had minstrels who had memorized songs telling their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. dispossessed by the Spaniards of their old homes in what is now the walled city of Figueroa's soldiers who had died in battle. To entrust a province was then as if it were said that it was turned over to sack, abandoned to the cruelty and covetousness of the encomendero, to judge from the way these gentry misbehaved. Created a sense of national consciousness or identity among Filipinos. other a Portuguese, as well as those that came after them, although Spanish fleets, still Great kingdoms were indeed discovered and conquered in the remote and unknown parts of the world by Spanish ships but to the Spaniards who sailed in them we may add Portuguese, Italians, French, Greeks, and even Africans and Polynesians. great advancement in this industry. While Japan was preparing to invade the Philippines, these islands were sending expeditions to Tonquin and Cambodia, leaving the homeland helpless even against the undisciplined hordes from the South, so obsessed were the Spaniards with the idea of making conquests. was grounded partially on documentary research, intense surveillance and Morga's personal knowledge and involvement. Filipinos have found it a useful account of the state of their native culture upon the coming of the conquistadors; Spaniards have regarded it as a work to admire or condemn, according to their views and the context of their times; some other Europeans, such as Stanley, found it full of lessons and examples. In not more than five (5) sentences, write your own interpretation of Rizal's statement on the left. of Magellan's expedition when it seized the shipping of friendly islands and even of adjacent islands. He meticulously added footnotes on every chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. MS. Exciibania de Camara 410, f.58-v, Archive of the Indies, Seville. Meanings for SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS A book written by Antonio de Morga was published in the year 1609 that is available in the Kindle store. been given the exclusive right to the Creator of all things or sole knowledge of His real Why, you may ask, would Rizal annotate Morgas work? In this difficult art of ironworking, as in so many others, the modern or present-day Filipinos are not so far advanced as were their ancestors. Torres-Navas, , II, 139Google Scholar, Item No. The "pacification" of Kagayan was accomplished by taking advantage of the Gordillo, Pedro Aguilar's Alivio de mercaderes (Mexico, 1610)Google Scholar according to Medina, J. T., La Imprenta en Mexico, 15391821, II (Santiago de Chile, 1907), 49.Google Scholar, 23. It may be so, but what about the enormous sum of gold which was taken from the islands in the early years of Spanish rule, of the tributes collected by the encomenderos, of the nine million dollars yearly collected to pay the military, expenses of the employees, diplomatic agents, corporations and the like, charged to the Philippines, with salaries paid out of the Philippine treasury not only for those who come to the Philippines but also for those who leave, to some who never have been and never will be in the islands, as well as to others who have nothing to do with them. The English translation of some of the more important annotations of the Spaniard came from the English Governor of Hong Kong, Sir John Browning, who had Morga tells, had in it 1,500 friendly Indians from Cebu, Bohol, Leyte and Panay, besides leader was Don Agustin Sonson who had a reputation for daring and carried fire and For one, the book tells the history of wars, intrigues, diplomacy and evangelization of the Philippines in a somewhat disjointed way. The first seven chapters discussed the political events that occurred in the colony during the first eleven Governor-Generals in the Philippines. There is a discussion of the moral scruples aroused in some Spaniards by the killing and pillaging in 1603 in Diego de Bobadilla, SJ., Casos morales resueltos, ff. Sucesos de Las Islas Filipinas Contextual Analysis the archipelago were economically self-sufficient and thriving and culturally lively dish is the bagoong and whoever has tried to eat it knows that it is not considered a plan whereby the King of Spain should become also King of Japan. Moreover, as he tells us himself, survivors from Legazpi's expedition were still alive while he was preparing his book in Manila, and these too he could consult. The image of the Holy Child of Cebu, which many religious writers believed was brought to Cebu by the angels, was in fact given by the worthy Italian chronicler of Magellan's expedition, the Chevalier Pigafetta, to the Cebuano queen. an ancient Filipino. These traditions were almost completely lost as well as the mythology and the genealogies of which the early historians tell, thanks to the zeal of the missionaries in eradicating all national remembrances as heathen or idolatrous. refused to grant him the raise in salary which he asked. [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in Mexico City. For Morga and Van Noort see Blair, XI, passim, and Retana, , 271310Google Scholar; for a brief survey of the Dutch intervention in the Philippines see Zaide, G., Philippine Political and Cultural History, I, (Manila, 1957), 25268.Google Scholar. Render date: 2023-03-04T07:52:09.876Z Antonio de Morga (1559-1636) was a Spanish conquistador, a lawyer and a Agustin. for that term of reproach is not apparent. Other than Rizal, who made annotations of Morga's book? 1. REFLECTION. the left. . Captain Gabriel de Rivera, a Spanish commander who had gained fame in a raid Governor Antonio de Morga was not only the first to write but also the first to publish a Philippine history. Though the Philippines had lantakas and other artillery, muskets were unknown till the Spaniards came. Nowadays this industry is reduced to small craft, scows and coasters. Quoted in Quinn, D. B., The Roanoke Voyages, 16841590, II (London, Hakluyt Society, 1955), 514.Google Scholar. Other sources, however, claim that Rizal learned about Antonio Morga from his uncle, Jose Alberto, This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a Spaniard came from the English Governor of Hong Kong, Sir John Browning, who had once paid his uncle a visit. 6.00/ US$16.00.1 Dr. James S. Cummins, noted translator and editor of Domingo Fernndez by Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga J.S. They had defend their homes against a powerful invader, with superior forces, many of whom Gaspar de San Agustin, there would have been no fruit of the Evangelic Doctrine From the first edition, Mexico, 1609. An early historian asserts that without this fortunate circumstance, for the remembered for his work as a historian. rule, of the tributes collected by the encomenderos, of the nine million dollars yearly What would these same writers have said if the crimes were manned by many nationalities and in them went negroes, Moluccans, and even Yet there were repeated shipwrecks of the vessels that carried from the Philippines wealth which encomenderos had extorted from the Filipinos, using force, or making their own laws, and, when not using these open means, cheating by the weights and measures. So only can you fairly judge the present and estimate how much progress has been made during the three centuries (of Spanish rule). Furthermore, the religious annals of the early missions are filled with countless instances where native maidens chose death rather than sacrifice their chastity to the threats and violence of encomenderos and Spanish soldiers. our own day consider Christians. It was not discovered who did it nor was any investigation ever made. (Hernando de los Rios Coronel in Blair, XVIII, 329; see also Torres-Navas V, No. Antonio Morga. In the fruitless expedition against the Portuguese in the island of Ternate, in the Molucca group, which was abandoned because of the prevalence of beriberi among the troops, there went 1,500 Filipino soldiers from the more warlike provinces, principally Kagayans and Pampangans. Sucesos was done by an early biographer of Rizal, Austin Craig (1872-1949). unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. Ed.). scows and coasters. That is, he knew how to cast cannon even before the coming of the 8. Sucesos de las islas Filipinas. Activity/ Evaluation 10 Instructions: In not more than 5 sentences each. Chirino relates an anecdote of his coolness under fire once during a truce for a marriage among Mindanao "principalia." The Jesuit, Father Alonso Sanchez, who visited the papal court at Rome and the Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the absolute monarch of that epoch. Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas - SlideShare Morga has evidently confused the pacific coming of Legaspi with the attack of Goiti and Salcedo, as to date. Name ______________________________________ Score _____________, Course and Section _________________________ Date ______________. Ilokanos there were his heirs. title, Spanish sovereignty. Boxer, C. R., Some Aspects of Spanish Historical Writing on the Philippines', in Hall, D. G. E., ed., Historians of South East Asia (London, 1961), 2013Google Scholar. came to conquer the islands, he had been so passionate to know the true conditions of to Colin, of red color, a shade for which they had the same fondness that the Romans At his own expense, Rizal had the work republished with annotations that When the English freebooter Cavendish captured the Mexican galleon Santa Ana, with 122,000 gold pesos, a great quantity of rich textiles-silks, satins and damask, musk perfume, and stores of provisions, he took 150 prisoners. These traditions were almost completely lost as well as the mythology and the True Dr. Jose Rizal found Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas in London Museum Library on May 24, 1888. Historians have confused these personages. Jesuit's line of reasoning, the heroic Spanish peasantry in their war for independence
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